Master Student Strategies Multiple Choice Questions free essay sample

Which of coming up next isn't a system of an ace understudy? C a. Defining transient objectives b. Defining long haul objectives c. Evaluating your positive attributes d. Keeping away from an open? disapproved of way to deal with critical thinking 2. Finishing self? disclosure practices helps understudies in C a. Evaluating business areas b. Evaluating PC programs c. Surveying themselves as understudies/representatives d. Evaluating travel agendas 3. Qualities of an ace understudy incorporate B a. a reluctance to change b. a readiness to assume liability for activities in one’s life c. outrageous spotlight on one’s evaluations d. inspirational disposition 4. The three tangible methods of learning examined in class include: B a. Striking, activity, knowing b. Visual, sound-related, sensation c. Imperative, on edge, sensation d. Verbal, sound-related, sensation 5. When displaying expert understudy systems, one may exhibit the entirety of the accompanying aside from: C a. Abstaining from â€Å"thinking outside of the box† b. Self course c. Good faith d. We will compose a custom article test on Ace Student Strategies Multiple Choice Questions or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Objective setting 6. The term â€Å"metacognition† is characterized as: C a. Finding out about articles b. Finding out about science c. Finding out about learning d. Acting without deduction 7. There are four inquiries associated with the methods of learning. They incorporate the entirety of the accompanying with the exception of: D a. Why? b. What c. How? d. When? 8. Solid self inspiration supports the entirety of the accompanying with the exception of: B a. Changing one’s brain b. Overlooking objectives c. Looking at benefits d. Mentioning help 9. When endeavoring to realize change in one’s conduct one ought not consider: D a. Insistences b. Mentioning help from companions c. Beginning with minor changes d. Defining unreasonable objectives 10. Techniques for time the executives incorporate the entirety of the accompanying with the exception of: D a. Observing business related undertakings b. Setting a halting time c. Keeping up an unmistakable work area or work territory d. Stalling Valid/False Questions 11. Memory helpers may not help one in reviewing data Flase 12. There is just one way to deal with turning into a basic mastermind False 13. Fruitful understudies should attempt to associate their learning style to their training and their future profession decisions. Genuine 14. Investing energy with somebody who exhibits the sorts of accomplishment methodologies that you are attempting to execute is most likely not a smart thought. Bogus 15. Feeling awkward in a learning circumstance is certifiably not a typical piece of the learning cycle. Bogus 16. Inspiration may come about because of explaining one’s objectives and following up on them. Genuine 17. Learning styles might be associated with study systems that can be utilized to enable an understudy to prevail in a course. Genuine 18. Visual learning implies one is concentrating on the sensation segment of the learning styles 19. An advantage of keeping a diary during the semester is that it might permit one to expound on the associations between courses being examined. Genuine 20. With an end goal to turn into an ace understudy, one should attempt to make expectations dependent on the techniques one has learned and verify whether his/her background agree with those forecasts. Genuine 21. Time is viewed as an inexhaustible asset. Bogus 22. Getting mindful of one’s specific style of hesitation may not help with changing one’s conduct. Genuine 23. Realistic signs are utilized to upgrade a student’s class notes Flase Short Answers: 24. It would be ideal if you depict four attributes of an ace understudy. Give explicit instances of how these qualities might be illustrated. Set objectives, accomplishing the objectives in the time span. Have the option to oversee time successfully. 25. Dynamic aptitudes are significant for ace understudies. If you don't mind clarify how one may improve his/her ability at settling on choices throughout everyday life. By defining objectives for their self.

Analysis Of Athena In The Odyssey English Literature Essay

Examination Of Athena In The Odyssey English Literature Essay Following ten years, the Trojan War is finished and the Achaeans head home. Some legends of the war, similar to Nestor, return home rapidly to discover things essentially as they left them. Others, similar to Agamemnon, show up home to discover things extensively changed. Still others, similar to Menelaus, meander around for a period however in the long run get back securely. Odysseus, then again, has been experiencing no limit of difficulty returning home. As the story opens, we wind up in the tenth year since the finish of the war, an entire a long time since Odysseus initially left his home and spouse Penelope to cruise off for Troy with the remainder of the Achaean powers. From that point forward Telemachus, the child of Odysseus has grown up without a dad thinking about whether he will at any point return home. Envision, maybe, that you are in a world that isn't of your own. Hear you can walk unreservedly in any structure you need. Each word you express and each move you make ca n influence the lives of millions and cost them everything. However, on the off chance that you can unite those individuals, and connect with them in the trial of their lives you would have been the friend in need and defender of those individuals. This is the job of Athena in Homer’s epic â€Å"The Odyssey†. In this article I will break down Athena’s significant job of security and direction all through the epic, and how her utilization of camouflage and change influences their inspiration and decisions in the epic sonnet. Athena the goddess of insight and system, a shape shifter of numerous structures, and little girl of Mã ©tis and Zeus, assumes as critical job all through â€Å"The Odyssey. While she does every so often judge human activities, the predominant job she plays is to offer test and insurance to both Odysseus and Telemachus. The goddess Athena turns into their central defender, and she is rarely far away from Odysseus or his child. All through t he epic Athena imparts certainty into Telemachus and helps him in his movements and excursion into masculinity. She persistently helps Odysseus, offering him guidance and handy help. Athena’s job isn't only that of helping Odysseus and Telemachus; she additionally helps in their advancement as characters, showing them tolerance, modesty, and limitation. From her first demonstration of help to her last peacemaking, she is to a great extent answerable for the turn of events and finish of the plot. Telemachus’ stares off into space before meeting Athena just because: â€Å"㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦sitting among the admirers, heart fixated on melancholy. He could nearly observe his heavenly dad, here㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (B1:L134-136). Growing up without his dad Odysseus, the main information Telemachus is aware of him are just the tales advised to him by his consorts. With all the admirers meandering unreservedly through the incredible lobbies of his father’s royal residen ce, pursuing his mom Penelope’s deliver marriage, Prince Telemachus is left miserable to stop them. Athena utilizes her incredible abilities of technique and knowledge to rapidly figure out how to move our saint Telemachus to travel to discover his dad. She shape shifts into Odysseus’ old companion Mentes, and predicts that Odysseus is as yet alive and that he will before long come back to Ithaca.†Take my words to heart. At sunrise gather the islands rulers to full get together, provide your requests to all and call the divine beings to witness㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ sail in journey of updates on your tragically deceased father,† Athena pronounced (B1:L315-325). With these inspirational statements, Athena utilizes her camouflage to impact the sovereign to discover his dad. On the off chance that it not for Athena, Telemachus may have taken his dad for dead and urged his mom to wed one of her suitors. The venture is likewise significant in light of the fact that t he excursion of Telemachus has a significant influence of him turning into a man all alone.

If You Score Above 30 on this Test, You Might be a Psychopath

If You Score Above 30 on this Test, You Might be a Psychopath Research has shown that just a little less than 1% of males, ages 18 and above in the United States are psychopaths.What this means is that in the United States alone, 1,150,000 adult males would satisfy the criteria for psychopathy.Whats more, of the 6,720,000 people in jail, prison, probation or parole, 16% or 1,075,000 of them are psychopaths as well.This means that in America about 93% of adult male psychopaths are in jail, probation, parole or prison.These are some fascinating facts and probably have you wondering how do I identify a psychopath or am I one?The word psychopath has the power to evoke the thoughts of a fictionalized villain or serial murderer, but most times there are underlying signals that are exhibited by psychopaths on a daily basis that are usually overlooked.WHAT EXACTLY IS A PSYCHOPATH? What images flood your mind when you think of a psychopath?Most likely its probably a scene from a thriller movie like Saw or perhaps the terrifying Hannibal Lecter?Your thou ghts may not be far from reality but most times it isnt that obvious.So what is it?Psychopathy is a psychological diagnosis used in describing a particular set of symptoms. The condition is actually termed dissocial or antisocial personality disorder.When affiliated with this disorder, a person will showcase various traits like superficial charm, lack of empathy, enhanced superiority complex, lack of remorse, impulsiveness and no behavioral control whatsoever.Heres the important fact about psychopaths.A lot of people expect them to appear twisted and maniacal, but a lot of the time they just appear like regular people.This is what kind of makes them more unsettling to the public.HOW DO YOU IDENTIFY A PSYCHOPATH?   Before you jump to the conclusion that the guy who lives across the street is a psychopath, contemporary research by Robert D Hare provides a proven and tested scientific psycho-diagnostic tool.This diagnostic method is the most commonly used one to identify psychopathy.B ut according to Hare, this test should only be considered true if it is administered by a suitably experienced and qualified clinician under licensed and controlled conditions.However, before we dive into the Robert D Hares Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL -R) lets have a look at some of the basic signs of a psychopath.1. Psychopaths Have Unstable Empathy In a recent study 71.4% of psychopaths were seen to have undergone some sort of abuse as children.Whats fascinating about this study is that the majority of them were abused emotionally more than most other forms of abuse. Source: Correctional Service of CanadaThis is one of the reasons why a psychopath isnt concerned with the effects of his behavior towards others, whether it’s personal, financial, or social.Basically, this is because psychopaths have very little emotions towards themselves or others.Research carried out in 2013 studying the brain activity of different violent psychopaths, it was discovered that the area of the brain which is associated with the ability to mutually share suffering can be deactivated and activated at will by psychopaths.While most of the time they lack empathy, a psychopath can voluntarily switch it on for the purpose of manipulating, charming or seducing someone else with a twisted goal in mind.2. Psychopaths Easily Get Bored A psychopath doesnt experience boredom just because they are under-stimulated due to a slow day at work or a weekend night with no plans to go out but they usually face chronic boredom in every single area of their lives regardless of the activ ities.A common school of thought is that the psychopaths mind frame is wired to be under-aroused than most people.In other words, they need to be doing exciting things consistently to feel normal and get to regular levels of arousal.What this means is that they will most likely be among the group of people who want to go out for drinks after a long day of work or engage in fun related activities.3. Psychopaths are Quite Charming This is perhaps one of the most frightening aspects of dealing with psychopaths and also very disarming. They possess the ability to hide their true nature and appear as charming as possible.The psychopath would for example in an interaction easily pick a topic which you would find very important and would showcase a sympathetic point of view on the subject matter, most times with strong emotions in order to reinforce their words.This isnt just in relation to individual interactions but even in group interactions.A psychopath would most times use a storyline to garner attention or draw people to them.Also regardless of their location, whether in jail or at work, they usually have a crowd around them due to such storylines, but most times such stories are false.4. Psychopaths Lie FrequentlyA recent study done on a group of students showed that psychopaths do not have a stronger lying capacity than others but have a stronger trainability for lying.Meaning they can easily become great at lying.Psychopaths unlike pathological liars, who lie without compulsion or a goal in mind, tell lies that are very goal oriented.They have a specific purpose for their lies and generally use manipulation and conning for their own selfish interest.Its basically about getting something out of someone else, like tricking a person into an emotional connection or out of something they possess.This could be utilized in controlling a lover, getting promoted at work or even building a relationship.5. Psychopaths have Short-term and Fictitious Goals While its true that psychopaths have various twisted goals, most do not fancy realistic long term goals, they hold onto the belief of living in the moment rather than for the future.This makes most of the goals they have to be for the present and disconnected from the future. Asides from this the goals they do possess are fictitious in nature and have no bearing to reality.If for instance, you spoke to a psychopath in jail, he or she would tell you they want to be a medical doctor or police officer.Their goals seem completely out of touch would reality.6. Psychopaths have a Superiority Mindset Psychopaths believe they are far better than anyone around them, which does assist their ability to switch off empathy and careless about the negative effects of their actions.In an office, they would most likely be the ones that do not care about what their actions have on their team and they are also very hesitant to follow instructions that benefit the team as a whole unless it somewhat elevates them abo ve others.This would look like a very dominant or overly confident attitude but it could be hidden around a boss or someone who is a determinant to their success.They basically perfect the art of hiding their true personas and play on the gullibility of people beneficial to their success.THE HARE PSYCHOPATHY CHECKLIST-REVISED TESTThe Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised is a clinical diagnostic tool utilized in rating a persons antisocial or psychopathic tendencies.A psychopathic individual would prey ruthlessly on other people using violence, charm, and deceit or any method which will enable them to have their way with the person.For instance, a survey done on various on serial killers in the United States revealed that over 31.8% of the killers, killed simply for fun or enjoyment. Source: VoxThis is a classic case of lack of empathy, where psychopaths have to do whatever they want too just to fulfill their own desires even if it means killing another person.If a patient has exhibited the various symptoms of psychopathy as listed above such as; the ability to turn empathy off and on, chronic lying, superiority complex etc.Then the test is most likely for them, however, even without such symptoms, it can still reveal a psychopath.The test was originally created for the assessment of individuals convicted or accused of crimes.PCL-R test is made up of a 20-item symptom rating scale which lets qualified examiners to be able to make comparisons of the patient’s level of psychopathy with the level of a prototypical psychopath.It is seen in numerous fields as the most reliable, authoritative and authentic method for knowing if psychopathy exists in a person and also the extent or degree of it.The Hare Checklist despite its current broad applicability is still utiliz ed in diagnosing people of the original group it was created for, which are adult males in criminal psychiatric hospitals, prisons and those who await psychiatric trials or evaluations in various detention and correctional facilities.Asides from these the PCL-R also has massive usability in diagnosing sex offenders, inclusive of adolescent and female offenders.PURPOSE OF THE TESTThis Test is used to diagnose people with psychopathy and it can be for medical purposes, legal purpose and even for research purposes.The test has been very instrumental in determining the psychopathic tendencies of a person.Due to the increase in the crime rate, the Hare Psychopathy test is beginning to gain increased importance in the legal sector.It is now being used by law enforcement agencies as forensic evidence to determine the tendencies of convicted criminals and to determine the length of sentence they should be given.The test has also been used by psychologists to counsel children, teenagers and adults to determine if they are psychopaths especially at a young age and to determine the kind of help that can be rendered to the psychopath.In as much as this test is very instrumental in identifying the key features of a psychopath in a person, there are a few guidelines and precautions that must be followed.Below are the guidelines and precautions.1. This Test is not the Final Diagnosis No matter how accurate and how apt this test is, it is not the final diagnosis.This test is designed just to give you an idea of what tendencies you have.It is just designed to give an idea, it is not a final diagnosis and it is not give a definite answer to whether or not a person is a psychopath.The results of the test will help to give you an idea and then further diagnosis can be made based on the results of the test.2. The Test Cant be Conducted by Just Anybody Even though this test appears very simple, it shouldnt be conducted by just anybody.Determining whether someone is a psychopath or not is a very delicate issue and it can have an emotional effect on the family, friends and even the patient himself.There are other steps that need to be taken when a person passes the test, such steps include counseling.To ensure that the person is not left emotionally distraught, the test should be carried out by a trained professional who is familiar with psychopathy and how to handle a psychopath.3. The Test is Exclusively for Professionals This guideline looks similar to the second one but it is different.The fact that a person is a medical doctor doesnt make him a professional in all medical fields.The same applies to every other area in life including taking a psychopathy test.Not just any doctor should administer this test.The only recommended group of people that should moderate and examine this psychopathy test are professionals that have an advanced degree in a behavioral, social science or medical field.Also the professional must be registered with a well-known organiza tion that specializes in psychological and psychiatric testing and procedure.These professionals are well trained in handling issues that pertain to psychopaths and taking the psychopathy test.Having mere head knowledge about the human behavioral pattern is not enough a reason to consider yourself worthy enough to carry out a psychopathy test on someone, knowledge, and experience is what gives the expert an edge over you when it comes to handling cases like this and it is wise to leave the work for the expert.It is important to note that it is recommended that professionals who administer this test be people who have had years of experience working with criminals, this will make it easier for them to determine the outcome of the test.4. The Test Must be Carefully Carried OutThe results of psychopathy tests are often used in legal cases and can be used as evidence in courtrooms so it is important to be careful while conducting the test on a person and to ensure that there is no mix-u p in the answers.In addition, since the results are used as evidence in legal cases, it is important for the person who is administering the test to be eligible or legally qualified to stand as a witness in the courtroom when necessary.This is another reason why the test cant be carried out by just any person because the credibility of the results of the test will be questioned if it was not carried out by a professional who is eligible to stand as a witness when necessary.5. Two Different Professionals Must Administer the TestFor accuracy purpose, it is advisable that two different professionals administer the test independently to a person.By doing so the results will be more accurate and what one expert accidentally omits, the other will be able to identify.After the subject is tested independently with the same test questions, the results from the two experts will be compared and the average score will be gotten.The average score of the two separate results will determine the fi nal rating of the test.DETAILS OF THE TESTThe Hare PCL consists of two segments. The first is a structured interview while the second segment entails the checking and reviewing of the history and file records of the person being tested (the subject).During the interview, the professional will ask questions revolving around the general behavior of a psychopath.Questions will be asked to determine the nature of the interpersonal relationship of the subjects as well as his/her response to people and situations around him/her.The lifestyle and emotional involvement of the subject will also be tested.The aim of all these questions is to know whether or not the person or subject has an antisocial and unstable lifestyle or if he victimizes other people without feeling any remorse.As part of the interview, the family status, educational history, work history, marital or family status, as well as his criminal background, will be evaluated too.You may be wondering why all of this is necessary , well it is important because chances are that the person is a psychopath and most psychopaths are pathological liars, they lie without flinching and the only way you can know that the answers they provide are the correct answer is by cross-checking the history of the subject.Via the answers to the test questions, it is possible for the character and behavior to be properly assessed for any trace of psychopathy.But the fact that someone around behaves in an irrational manner is not enough reason to tell if he or she is a psychopath.To be sure about the authenticity of the suspicion, a test will be carried out on the subjects.Below are the questions asked by professionals when administering the psychopaths test to a subject:Do you have excess glibness or superficial charm?Do you have a grandiose sense of self-worth?Do you have an excessive need for stimulation or proneness to boredom?Are you a pathological liar?Are you conning or manipulative?Do you display a lack of remorse or guil t?Do you have a shallow effect?Are you callous, or do you lack empathy?Do you have a parasitic lifestyle?”Do you have poor behavioral controls?Do you have a history of promiscuous sexual behavior?Do you have a history of early behavioral problems?Do you lack realistic long-term goals?Are you overly impulsive?Do you have a high level of irresponsibility?Do you fail to accept responsibility for your own actions?Have you had many short-term marital relationships?Do you have a history of juvenile delinquency?Have you ever experienced a revocation of conditional release?Do you display criminal versatility?Each question on the list can be awarded 0, 1 or 2 (score) based on the performance of the subject. If the subject is a psychopath, he will most likely score thirty points or more, the maximum score for a psychopath is 40.Once a person scores thirty or more than thirty, he should proceed further to have a diagnosis of psychopathy carried on him.On the other hand, people who have no tr ace of psychopathy will score between 0 to a maximum of 5. Criminals who do not have any trace of psychopathy will most likely score a maximum of 22.This test is one of the few tests in the world that having a low score in it can actually be good news and scoring high may be a sign that something is off.If you scored 30 or more in this test, it is advisable that you go for further diagnosis and seek professional medical help and also see a psychiatrist or a counselor.CONCLUSIONPsychopaths are quite deceptive individuals and without a proper way to identify one, they can fool just about anyone into believing what they portray themselves to be based on their specific goals per time.This is why for The Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised Test, which enables qualified persons to be able to adequately diagnose cases and degrees of psychopathy effectively.However, a lot of symptoms of a psychopath can easily be overlooked so endeavor you take a shot at the test and see what you score! Reme mber though this test only holds water when carried out by a professional.

The Fall Of The Roman Empire - 1404 Words

The Fall of Rome The Fall of the Roman Empire, one of the greatest empires that human civilization has ever encountered, is viciously debated today among scholars all over the world. No one theory is the absolute truth as there are many fatal factors and mistakes that forged the collapse of this supreme civilization. Problems ranging from political instability, to different economic predicaments, to barbaric invasions, to imperialistic ideologies, the empire just became too complex for its own good and ultimately planted the seeds for its own ruin. However, after reaching its pinnacle in 120 A.D, the constant expansion of territory held the most weight when bringing the empire to its knees. The height of the Roman Empire in the first and second centuries was known as the pax Romana. Although it only lasted for a short while, during this period, the empire stretched a glorious 2.2 million square miles from England to modern day Iraq. From here spurred the imperial age of Rome. They be gan to expand so far east that they eventually came into contact with China. They had conquered so much land and controlled so many trade routes that the republic in Rome realistically could not govern it all. Messages could not be relayed quick enough to communicate between distant cities like Tarsus and Trapezus and the capital. Other holdings like Britain were too far away and could not recruit enough soldiers to defend the borders. Forces in Britain had to resort to building a 73 mile longShow MoreRelatedFall of the Roman Empire1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pax Romana was a two hundred year time period where the Romans had peace and prosperity under Augustus. The Roman empire started to decline at the end of the prevail of the last five emperors, Marcus Aurelius in 161-180 A.D. The rulers in the next century had no idea how to deal with the problems the empire was having. There was many reasons to the fall of the Roman Empire but three stood out the most. The preliminary reason was the economy begins to decline. The alternative reasoning was RomeRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1537 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Rome was an empire so dominant, wealthy and economically- stable which came to a dramatic fall in the period of 250AD- 500AD. Ancient Rome faced unexplained unfortunate events which crumbled the Great Empire from the affluent empire to a impoverished society. For centuries historians have timelessly theorised and analysed many debates and research in relation to the Fall of the Roman Empire. What really caused the predominate Roman Empire to fall? Did Rome fall naturally? Was disease, suchRead MoreFall of the Roman Empire758 Words   |  4 PagesTaylor Davino Professor Horsley HIS 126 3 March 2010 The fall of the Roman Empire Political, economic and social aspects were all involved in the fall of the Roman Empire. In 395 A.D., Rome was divided into two empires, with one capital in Rome and the other in Constantinople. During that time, the western Roman Empire was being invaded by barbarian tribes from the North. In 410, the Visigoth tribe succeeded in conquering the western capital in Rome. In 476, the western EmperorRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire was a powerful governing body of extensive political and social structures throughout western civilization. How did this empire fall and were internal factories responsible? Slow occurrences in succession to one another led to the fall of the empire rather than one single event. The fall of the Roman Empire was a combination of both internal and external pressures, not just one, leading up to the complete decay of the cities—Rome and Constantinople. However, one could argue how oneRead MoreThe Fall Of Ro man Empire1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fall of Roman Empire Roman Empire was considered as one of the most influential and dominant Empire in the history that has ever existed. â€Å"The Roman Empire at its zenith in the period of the Principate (roughly, 27 BC to AD 235) covered vast tracts of three continents, Europe, Africa, and Asia† (Garnsey). It was an ancient, modern Empire, and it supported anyone who made discoveries and technological improvements. The Empire was the strongest governing body in the Mediterranean. If the RomanRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1440 Words   |  6 PagesSophie Loren Plays a Leading Role in the Fall of the Roman Empire? The reason for the fall of the Roman Empire is a controversial topic under much historical debate. How did such a great empire, known for being one of the largest that lasted over a millennium, fall? The Roman Empire transitioned from a republic to an empire in 31 BCE. Augustus Caesar was the first emperor. He created harmony in Rome, but not in calendars as he added August as the eighth month to follow July, which was named afterRead MoreFall of Roman Empire1175 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fall of the Roman Empire The Ancient Roman empire was one of the most prominent and successful societies of its time period. By the end of their reign, the Romans had conquered almost all of the Mediterranean including parts of present day Europe, Asia, and Africa. Rome was at its strongest during the rule of Augustus Caesar, this time was known as the â€Å"Pax Romana† or Roman peace. It wasn’t until later, when Emperor Trajan took over in about 98 C.E. that the Empire reached its peak. AfterRead MoreThe Fall of the Roman Empire609 Words   |  3 PagesThe Fall of the Roman Empire There are adherents to single factors, but more people think Rome fell because of a combination of such factors as Christianity, and economy, and military problems. Even the rise of Islam is proposed as the reason for Romes fall, by some who think the Fall of Rome happened at Constantinople in the 15th Century. Most people think it occurred during the fifth century, after the western division of the empire. There were several reasons for the fall of the Roman EmpireRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1438 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire was one of the most powerful empires in the history of mankind. In 476 CE Odoacer defeated Romulus Augustus to capture Rome; most historians agree that this was the official end of the Western Roman Empire. There is much debate on how exactly Rome declined and eventually fell. The fall of Rome was a long process that took place over many centuries. There are five main schools of thought on why Rome fell. First, Christianity, offered by Edward Gibbons; He suggests that ChristianityRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1495 Words   |  6 PagesFor a long period of time, the debate about the cause of the fall of the Roman Empire has been a popular topic amongst historians. Most of these historians look at the issue from a standpoint that accepts that there were most likely several causes. The main root of the issue is whether or not these causes were internal or external. Some historians even go more in depth and try to hypothesize what the internal or external causes were. In fact, Adrian Goldsworthy and Peter Heather do just this when

The Forum Romanum or Roman Forum in Ancient Rome

The Roman Forum (Forum Romanum) began as a market place but became the economic, political, and religious hub, town square, and center of all Rome. Ridges connecting the Capitoline Hill with the Quirinal, and the Palatine with the Esquiline, enclosed the Forum Romanum. It is believed that before Romans built their city, the forum vicinity was a burial area (8-7th C. B.C.). Tradition and archaeological evidence support dating the building of certain structures (the Regia, Temple of Vesta, Shrine to Janus, Senate House, and prison) to before the Tarquin kings. After the fall of Rome, the area became a pasture. Archaeologists believe the establishment of the forum was the result of a deliberate and large-scale landfill project. Early monuments located there, whose remains have been found, including the carcer prison, an altar to Vulcan, the Lapis Niger, Temple of Vesta, and the Regia. Following the 4th century B.C. Gallic invasion, Romans vowed and later built a Temple of Concord. In 179 they built the Basilica Aemilia. After the death of Cicero and the nailing of his hands and head in the forum, the arch of Septimius Severus, various temples, columns, and basilicas were built and the ground paved. Cloaca Maxima — The Great Sewer of Rome The valley of the Roman forum was once a marsh with cattle paths. It would become the center of Rome only after drainage, filling, and building the great sewer or Cloaca Maxima. The Tiber floods and Lacus Curtius serve as reminders of its watery past. The 6th century Tarquin kings are held responsible for the creation of the great sewer system based on the Cloaca Maxima. In the Augustan Age, Agrippa (according to Dio) carried out repairs to it at private expense. Forum building continued into the Empire. The Name of the Forum Varro explains that the name of the Forum Romanum comes from the Latin verb conferrent, because people bring issues to court; conferrent is based on the Latin ferrent, referring to where people bring merchandise to sell. quo conferrent suas controversias, et quae vendere vellent quo ferrent, forum appellarunt (Varro, LL v.145) The forum is sometimes referred to as Forum Romanum. It is also (occasionally) called Forum Romanum vel (et) magnum. Lacus Curtius Almost in the center of the forum is the Lacus Curtius, which, despite the name, is not a lake (now). It is marked by remnants of an altar. Lacus Curtius is connected, in legend, with the Underworld. It was the site where a general might offer his life to appease the gods of the Underworld in order to save his country. Such an act of self-sacrifice was known as a devotio devotion. Incidentally, some think the gladiatorial games were another devotio, with the gladiators performing the self-sacrifices on behalf of the city of Rome or, later, the emperor (source: Ch. 4 Commodus: An Emperor at the Crossroads, by Olivier Hekster; Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 2002 BMCR Review). Shrine of Janus Geminus Janus the Twin or geminus was so called because as a god of doorways, beginnings, and ends, he was thought of as two-faced. Although we dont know where Janus temple was, Livy says it was in the lower Argiletum. It was the most important Janus cult site. Niger Lapis Niger Lapis is Latin for black stone. It marks the spot where, according to tradition, the first king, Romulus, was killed. The Niger Lapis is now surrounded by railings. There are grayish slabs in the pavement near the Arch of Severus. Beneath the paving stones is a tufa post with an ancient Latin inscription that has been partly cut off. Festus says the black stone in the Comitium marks off a place of burial. (Festus 184L — from Aichers Rome Alive). Political Core of the Republic In the forum was the Republican political core: the Senate House (Curia), Assembly (Comitium), and Speakers platform (Rostra). Varro says comitium is derived from the Latin coibant because Romans came together for meetings of the Comitia Centuriata and for trials. The comitium was a space in front of the senate that was designated by the augurs. There were 2 curiae, the one, the curiae veteres was where priests attended to religious matters, and the other, the curia hostilia, built by King Tullus Hostilius, where senators cared for human affairs. Varro attributes the name curia to the Latin for care for (curarent). The Imperial Senate House or Curia Julia is the best preserved forum building because it was converted into a Christian church in A.D. 630. Rostra The rostra was so named because the speakers platform had prows (Lat. rostra) affixed to it. It is thought the prows were attached to it following a naval victory in 338 B.C. [Vetera rostra refers to the 4th century B.C. rostra. Rostra Julii refers to the one Augustus built at the steps of his temple to Julius Caesar. The ships prows bedecking it came from the Battle at Actium.] Nearby was a platform for foreign ambassadors called the Graecostatis. Although the name suggests it was the place for Greeks to stand, it was not limited to Greek ambassadors. Temples, Altars, and the Center of Rome There were various other shrines and temples in the forum, including an Altar of Victory in the senate, a Temple of Concord, the imposing Temple of Castor and Pollux, and on the Capitoline, the Temple of Saturn, which was the site of the Republican Roman treasury, of which remnants from a late 4th C restoration remain. The center of Rome on the Capitoline side held the Mundus vault, the Milliarium Aureum (Golden Milestone), and the Umbilicus Romae (Navel of Rome). The vault was opened three-times per year, the 24 of August, 5 of November, and 8 of November. The Umbilicus is thought to be a round brick ruin between the Arch of Severus and the Rostra, and was first mentioned in A.D. 300. The Miliarium Aureum is a pile of stones in front of the Temple of Saturn set up by Augustus when he was appointed Commissioner of roads. Significant Places in the Forum Romanum Pool of CurtiusShrine of Janus GeminusLapis nigerSenate HouseImperial RostraTemple of ConcordGolden MilestoneUmbilicus UrbisTemple of SaturnTemple of Castor and PolluxShrine of JoturnaBasilica AemiliaPorticus — Gaius and LuciusBasilica JuliaTemple of Julius CaesarTemple of VespasianArch of Septmius SeverusPortico of the Consenting GodsColumn of Phocas Source Aicher, James J., (2005). Rome Alive: A Source-Guide to the Ancient City, Vol. I, Illinois: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. The Roman Forum as Cicero Saw It, by Walter Dennison. The Classical Journal, Vol. 3, No. 8 (Jun., 1908), pp. 318-326. On the Origins of the Forum Romanum, by Albert J. Ammerman. American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 94, No. 4 (Oct., 1990), pp. 627-645.

Parol Evidence Rule Free Essays

INTRODUCTION * Parol evidence rule is rule of evidence which states that oral evidence is not regarded by the courts to contradict, vary, and add or reduce the term of contract that already finished by parties. The purpose is to make it certain. * The rationale of this rule is that when the parties take trouble to decrease to writing the agreed terms of their contractual agreements, it was thought that the written contract will contain all relevant matters, and other aspects that not included of the written contract agreements should not be taken into account. We will write a custom essay sample on Parol Evidence Rule or any similar topic only for you Order Now Parol evidence rule occurs when all contracts is in writing. Oral evidence cannot be accepted by the courts to contradict, vary, and add or reduce the term that already finished by the parties. * However, there are exceptions to parol evidence rule. BODY * 7 exception to the parol evidence rule: 1. Exception is that custom or trade usage were allowed by court and it is part of the contract although it is not included in express terms â€Å"to annex incidents to written contracts in matters with respect to which they are silent†. This applies in commercial transaction. Case: Hutton v Warren 2. Exception was about the delay operation contract made by an oral agreement to wait until an event occurs or known as condition precedent, where it was a condition that usually included in the contract to be fulfilled before the contract becomes operative. Case: Pym v Campbell 3. Exception was to confirm that the contract was not the whole contract. Case: Van den Esschert v Chappell 4. Exception was when the language of the written contract was ambiguous, that made the agreement looked incomplete of explanation Case: Rankin v Scott Fell Co (1904) 5. Exception was when there was an obvious mistake in the contract, then the court may fix the contract in certain situations because the terms of the written contract may not actually stated what the parties have been resolved. Case: MacDonald v Shinko Australia Pty Ltd 6. Exception was applied when the identify of one party was unknown. Case: Giliberto v Kenny 7. Exception was Collateral Contract as known as subsidiary contract, which is separated from the main contract, used to avoid the Parol Evidence Rule and accepted the validity of oral promises that have been made during the negotiations that can add to or vary the terms in the original contract. Cases: De Lassalle v Guildford Hoyt’s Pty Ltd v Spencer J. J. Savage and Sons Pty Ltd v Blakney CONCLUSION * I agree with the statement that Australian court should not provide any solution for violation of any oral promises that were made during contract negotiations. * Parol evidence rule must be clear, fully integrated, and unambiguous. How to cite Parol Evidence Rule, Essay examples

Johann Sebastian Bach Essays (821 words) - Music, Classical Music

Johann Sebastian Bach Bach Johann Sebastian Bach was one of the greatest composers in Western musical history. More than 1,000 of his compositions survive. Some examples are the Art of Fugue, Brandenburg Concerti, the Goldberg Variations for Harpsichord, the Mass in B-Minor, the motets, the Easter and Christmas oratorios, Toccata in F Major, French Suite No 5, Fugue in G Major, Fugue in G Minor (The Great), St. Matthew Passion, and Jesu Der Du Meine Seele. He came from a family of musicians. There were over 53 musicians in his family over a period of 300 years. Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany on March 21, 1685. His father, Johann Ambrosius Bach, was a talented violinist, and taught his son the basic skills for string playing; another relation, the organist at Eisenach's most important church, instructed the young boy on the organ. In 1695 his parents died and he was only 10 years old. He went to go stay with his older brother, Johann Christoph, who was a professional organist at Ohrdruf. Jo hann Christoph was a professional organist, and continued his younger brother's education on that instrument, as well as on the harpsichord. After several years in this arrangement, Johann Sebastian won a scholarship to study in Luneberg, Northern Germany, and so left his brother's tutelage. A master of several instruments while still in his teens, Johann Sebastian first found employment at the age of 18 as a lackey and violinist in a court orchestra in Weimar; soon after, he took the job of organist at a church in Arnstadt. Here, as in later posts, his perfectionist tendencies and high expectations of other musicians - for example, the church choir - rubbed his colleagues the wrong way, and he was embroiled in a number of hot disputes during his short tenure. In 1707, at the age of 22, Bach became fed up with the lousy musical standards of Arnstadt (and the working conditions) and moved on to another organist job, this time at the St. Blasius Church in Muhlhausen. The same year, he married his cousin Maria Barbara Bach. Again caught up in a running conflict between factions of his church, Bach fled to Weimar after one year in Muhlhausen. In Weimar, he assumed the post of organist and concertmaster in the ducal chapel. He remained in Weimar for nine years, and there he composed his first wave of major works, including organ showpieces and cantatas. By this stage in his life, Bach had developed a reputation as a brilliant, if somewhat inflexible, musical talent. His proficiency on the organ was unequaled in Europe - in fact, he toured regularly as a solo virtuoso - and his growing mastery of compositional forms, like the fugue and the canon, was already attracting interest from the musical establishment - which, in his day, was the Lutheran church. But, like many individuals of uncommon talent, he was never very good at playing the political game, and therefore suffered periodic setbacks in his career. He was passed over for a major position - which was Kapellm eister (Chorus Master) of Weimar - in 1716; partly in reaction to this snub, he left Weimar the following year to take a job as court conductor in Anhalt-Cothen. There, he slowed his output of church cantatas, and instead concentrated on instrumental music - the Cothen period produced, among other masterpieces, the Brandenburg Concerti. While at Cothen, Bach's wife, Maria Barbara, died. Bach remarried soon after - to Anna Magdalena - and forged ahead with his work. He also forged ahead in the child-rearing department, producing 13 children with his new wife - six of who survived childhood - to add to the four children he had raised with Maria Barbara. Several of these children would become fine composers in their own right - particularly three sons: Wilhelm Friedmann, Carl Philipp Emanuel and Johann Christian. After conducting and composing for the court orchestra at Cothen for seven years, Bach was offered the highly prestigious post of cantor (music director) of St. Thomas' Church in Leipzig - after it had been turned down by two other composers. The job was a demanding one; he had to compose cantatas for the

buy custom Risk Assessment Plan essay

buy custom Risk Assessment Plan essay Introduction There are potential risks both at the workplace and homes. Some risks can be identified and corrected easily, while others can cause life-threatening situations. However, a risk assessment plan provides a defense to identify and prevent hazards that can occur either at the workplace or at home. In addition, most risks occur at the workplace as a result of poor work practices. These practices include violating safe practices at the workplace, overloading and overcrowding, use of defective tools, and poor maintenance of tools and equipment. At any work place, the employees should report any risk to the supervisor to ensure it is fixed on time. Consequently, the supervisor has the responsibility to ensure that the all risks are eliminated. This paper aims at identifying a risk assessment plan for possible risks that occur at the work places. Potential Risks That Exist at the Workplace. The risks that occur at the workplace can be classified into physical, ergonomic, and chemical and biological hazards (Tillman, 2006). Physical Hazards Physical hazards are the most common risks that occur at most workplaces. They include risks from frayed electrical cords, loud noise, spills, and falls. High level of noise at the workplace is risky because it leads to communications difficulties and disturbances to peaceful mind (Tillman, 2006). The risk posed by loud noise occurs mostly in areas such as production areas and workshops. Therefore, it is important that the workers in this area use personal hearing protectors. In addition, loud noises can result from poor maintenance of tools and machinery. To avoid this risk, it is advisable to apply routine maintenance practices such as lubricating the moving parts (Spellman Bieber, 2011). Additionally, infrared electical wires pose a risk of shock when the person touches the unprotected wire. This risk can lead to more danger when a person uses water in a high voltage area. More to say, an electric shock can cause other conditions such as staggering and falling (Spellman Bieber, 2011). Overheated wires can cause sparking and fire. However, in case of electric shock, it is important to switch off the main switches to cut off the flow of current. An electrician should be consulted immediately to ensure all electrical wires are insulated. Attention must be paid when installing electrical devices to lower the risks due to wrong connections and overheating (Tillman, 2006). On the other hand, slipping occurs in situations where there is too little friction that it becomes challenging to maintain an upright posture. The risk is usually related to smooth and even surfaces (Lingard Rowlinson, 2005). It usually occurs in offices when performing duties such as washing and mopping. However, the risk can be reduced by wearing shoes with rough soles. It is useful to avoid detergents when washing such surfaces because they accelerate the rate of spilling. Furthermore, a falling hazard results from raised surfaces. It usually occurs when working above the working level or at unprotected edge and falling from ladders (Spellman Bieber, 2011). Chemical Hazards People can be exposed to hazardous agents in a number of ways. These include direct exposure to substances such as cleaning agents and paints. Secondly, substances generated during work activities such as fumes and smoke from welding have potential harmful effects (Gantt, 2009). On the other hand, hazards posed by biological agents such as bacteria may cause severe effects after a long exposure. Potential consequences of exposure to hazardous agents include skin irritation, loss of consciousness, and allergies (Detels, Gulliford, Karim, Tan, 2015). Chemical hazards occur and cause harm when inhaled, ingested, and after direct contact with the contaminated item. In addition, these hazards cause risks in different way (Detels et al., 2015). For example, a local risk affects only the exposed part, while a systemic effect spreads through the body. Although cumulative risks are not evident on its first exposure, in repeated exposure, they can cause severe effects (Gantt, 2009). The risks associated with chemical and biological hazards can be managed in the following ways. One should assess the risks of the hazardous substance before it is used by understanding the information on package labels that provide guidelines on safe handling and use. Safety precautions should be maintained to reduce the exposure of employees to chemical and biological agents (Detels et al., 2015). Secondly, the employers should ensure that control measures are used and maintained. This involves monitoring the exposure of employees to hazardous materials by carrying out appropriate health surveillance and ensuring that the employees are educated on necessary information, instructions, and training on chemical and biological agents (Gantt, 2009). Additionally, all organizations should take steps to prepare plans and procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, and emergencies. In relation, such chemical and biological hazardous agents should be stored in a restricted area where they can be accessed by the authorized persons only. The employer must also have adequate information about properties and dangers of chemical agents (Lingard Rowlinson, 2005). In addition, chemical stores must be labeled clearly. Finally, they must be disposed of in a way that they will not pose any hazard to people. It is also recommendable to use personal protective devices against chemical exposure in situations where technical measures cannot reduce the risk. Devices such as gas masks, gloves, and gumboots should be efficiently protective and suitable for the work (Gantt, 2009). Buy custom Risk Assessment Plan essay

Summary and Background on The Vagina Monologues

Summary and Background on The Vagina Monologues A night of theater can be much more than getting dressed up to watch a Rodgers and Hammerstein revival for the umpteenth time. Theater can be a voice for change. It can be a call to action. Case in point: Eve Enslers The Vagina Monologues. Playwright and performance artist Eve Ensler interviewed over 200 women from a wide range of ages and cultural backgrounds. Many of them bared their proverbial souls and responded to questions such as: What would your vagina say if it could talk? And If you could dress your vagina, what would it wear? Origins of the Vagina Monologues In 1996, The Vagina Monologues began as a one-woman show, a series of character-driven pieces, almost like poetry, each revealing a different womans experience with topics such as  sex, love, tenderness, embarrassment, cruelty, pain, and pleasure. As the show increased in popularity, it began to be performed by an ensemble of actresses. Politically active theaters and college campuses began producing the Monologues, all of which helped to launch a global movement known as  V-Day. What Is V-Day? According to the official V-Day website: V-Day is a catalyst that promotes creative events to increase awareness, raise money and revitalize the spirit of existing anti-violence organizations. V-Day generates broader attention for the fight to stop violence against women and girls. Are The  Vagina  Monologues Anti-Male? When college students are asked Raise your hand if you are a feminist, often  only one or two students raise their hands. The female students without their hands raised often explain that they dont hate men. Although many would define feminism as equality for the sexes, or the empowerment of women, it seems, sadly, that many people believe feminism is anti-male. With that in mind, it is easy to see why many assume that The Vagina Monologue is an angry rant of naughty words and feverish male-bashing. But Ensler is clearly raging against violence and oppression, not the male species. For further proof that Enslers work is man-friendly, visit the V-Men Page, a section of the V-Day website in which male writers and activists speak out against misogynist violence. Powerful Moments From The Vagina Monologues Below are descriptions of some of the most powerful scenes from the play. The Flood: This monologue, based upon a conversation with a 72-year old woman, combines humorously erotic dream imagery with the pragmatic, worldly views of a tough, outspoken old gal. Picture your elderly great Aunt talking about down there, and youll get an idea of this monologues potential. (During her HBO special, Ensler has great fun with this character.) My Village Was My Vagina: Absolutely the most haunting of the monologues. This piece is in honor of the thousands of victims from rape camps in Bosnia and Kosovo. The monologue alternates between peaceful, rural memories and images of torture and sexual abuse. Powerful, sad, and all-too-relevant. I Was in the Room: This monologue was based upon Enslers personal experience as she watched the birth of her grandchild. Arguably the most touching and optimistic of the monologues, this scene captures the joy and mystery of labor, in all its glorious (and graphic) detail. The Controversial Monologue Sure, the whole show is controversial. Theres shock value simply in the title. However, one particular monologue involves two accounts of molestation. The first incident occurs when the character is 10. In that account, she is raped by an adult male. Later on in the monologue, the character describes a sexual experience with an adult woman, when  the character/narrator is only 16. (In an earlier version of this monologue, the lesbian encounter took place at the age of 13, but Ensler decided to adjust the age). This monologue upsets many viewers and critics because it presents a double standard. The first case of molestation is accurately nightmarish, whereas the second case is portrayed as a positive experience. On the one hand, Ensler generated her monologues from real-life interviews, so it makes sense to display what she learned from her subject. However, considering the mission statement of V-Day, its hard to fault directors or performers for omitting (or perhaps revising) that particular monologue. Other Eve Ensler Plays Although The Vagina Monologues is her most famous work, Ensler has penned other powerful works for the stage. Here are a few worth checking out: Necessary Targets: A gripping drama about two American women who journey to Europe in order to help Bosnian women share their tragic stories with the world. The Treatment: Her most recent work delves into the moral questions or torture, power, and the politics of modern warfare.

Close Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Close Reading - Essay Example r breath at the ‘avant-garde style†¦ snazzy visuals†¦ snappy stories to the enthusiastic, upbeat score.†(Tasha Robinson) Anime, made in Japan is well-suited to global audiences because of its adherence to using traditional storylines but with a western flavor, and it makes it even more adaptable for â€Å"Global Web-based communities.†(Nicholas, Kyle) Western audiences are lured to the world of anime because of its unique identifying feature which is according to Horn â€Å"colorful, exciting, strange and Japanese.† (Horn 1999, p.13-31) Dating back to the 1920’s musical and film- noir style, Cowboy Bebop, O.S.T draws heavily from its musical themes. The majority of the soundtrack that was created mostly by the ‘Seatbelts’ contained a variety of elements such as pulsating techno beats, morose jazz, ofjump blues and yes, Bebop indeed without a doubt. The majority of the tracks on O.S.T 1 was a mixture of Jazz and blues. Songs such as ‘Digging My Potato’ and â€Å"Spokey Dokey† which is perhaps the most vivid song, though sounding seemingly ridiculous actually had maturity of the use of pause and space between the lyrics that is rarely found in the recordings of modern or contemporary jazz. (Sean McCarthy, 1998) Speaking of the band â€Å"Seatbelts† who were the primary musicians for almost the whole of the Bebop series are greatly hyped as one of the most progressive and futuristic bands who had gained wide popularity during 2048. The Seatbelts prided themselves in taking a whole lot of creative liberties in making use of contradictory themes such as ‘hard and soft’ and ‘peace and anarchy.’ The soundtrack of Cowboy Bebop also has two other discs titled ‘No Disc’ and the other called ‘Blue O.S.T-1 which is considered to be the prime of the lot that helped a great deal in introducing both Blues and Jazz to its audience who otherwise would not have been attracted to this particular genre. The sound created by the ‘Seatbelts’ are as

Public Service Announcement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public Service Announcement - Assignment Example For breast cancer survivors, the PSA will be designed for them to cope with life after the treatment. 4. Define strategy. In order to meet the objective, the planning of the PSA will start by a market research which will take note of the appropriate medium, presentation, and layout that can efficiently attract the attention of the specific audience. The PSA will also be designed so that it will be understandable by everyone regardless of educational attainment, age, and background. The language will also be modified in order to take into account the difference on ethnicity and race in a single locality. 5. Define content. The program will be about the challenges faced by women who are currently undergoing and have undergone treatment. The PSA will contain input from medical practitioners specializing in the field as well as breast cancer survivors who have successfully overcome post-treatment changes. 6. Define appropriate medium. Recognizing the need to discuss lengthy topic with the interest of a relatively few audience, the PSA's best medium will be a CD-ROM which can be given to the husband of women undergoing treatment and survivors who had completed their therapy. In this way, the PSA becomes more targeted and can reach the intended audience. The format will be in the form of feature story news which includes audio and visual and facilitated by a host. 7. Create the concept. The PSA will be shown as a feature story which will start with the showing of the organizer's logo and its sponsors. The next scene will be an introduction given by the host. The next will be a series of interviews showing what to expect during treatment. The main speakers will be practitioners in the field of cancer treatments. The stories of patients who survive breast cancer will be shown next together with the struggle they have undergone. Lastly, the PSA will wrap-up with the host emphasizing main points and giving words of encouragement to the audience. PSA for children 1. Define the communication problem. This public service announcement is to give a general view of cancer, its causes, and how it can be prevented. 2. Define the target audience. The target audience will be children aged six to 13 years old. 3. Define objective. Since this PSA is targeted to a young audience, the general objective is to acquaint children of what breast cancer is, what causes it, and what they can do to prevent it. With this education about breast cancer at a young age, it is expected that children will exert effort in fighting and preventing its occurrence. 4. Define strategy. The knowledge that children are fond of cartoon characters, the content of the PSA will be delivered using their favorite cartoon friends. The PSA will also utilize language which can be easily understood and most appropriate for the audience. 5. Define content. The program will talk about the basics of breast cancer, what is it, its causes, and preventive methods. The presentation will be colorful and entertaining in order to catch the attention of children. As stated above,

Problem of Rising Higher Education Costs

Problem of Rising Higher Education Costs Today, the problem of rising costs of higher education evokes heat debate among the public and policy-makers. In actuality, the high costs of higher education become an unsurpassable barrier for many students living in poverty-stricken neighborhoods and belonging to low-income families. In this respect, specialists (Breneman Finney, 1997) argue that students should have an opportunity to carry on their education in college depending on their academic skills and potential rather than on their financial position, social status, or other factors, such as cultural background or race. First of all, specialists argue that the public funding is ineffective (Cabrera, Norn, Castaneda, 1992). The state and federal funds are used ineffectively, whereas the quality of the public education remains extremely low, especially compared to private education. As a result students graduating from public schools have fewer opportunities to enter and succeed in college compared to students graduating from private schools. Furthermore, costs of higher education are unaffordable for many students (Heller, 1997). Today, costs of college education keep growing and students cannot afford paying for their college education, whereas educating children becomes an unaffordable burden for many families. As a result social gaps widens that leads to the exclusion of students from low-income families belonging to lower classes from the college education (McDonough, 1997). In fact, the costs of college education becomes the barrier preventing students from low-income families from entering. In addition, many specialists argue that racial gaps also widen depriving minority students of the possibility to obtain the college education (Freeman, 1997). In this regard, African Americans and other minority students are in a disadvantageous position. In spite of existing programs for minority students as well as for low-income students, they are ineffective and social and racial gaps persist. In this regard, the high costs of tuition is one of the major factors that put students in an unequal position and prevent them from equal access to college education (Kaltenbaugh, John, Starkey, 1999). In such a way, many students need the assistance from the part of the state and federal agencies to afford college education. Finally, cultural differences also affect the availability of college education along with the high costs of college education (McDonough, 1998). Some students are not prepared to pay high costs for college education, even if they can afford it, because of their cultural traditions. However, cultural differences are probably the least significant compared to the high costs of college education and tuition. In addition, the high costs of living increase the costs of college education. In such a situation, a considerable part of students from low-income families is just left aside of college education. Proposal for Position Obviously, the lack of access to college education for students from low-income families and from minorities is dangerous for the further development of the US society. Widening gaps between students and the lack of access to college education will lead to social and racial conflicts in the US society. In such a situation, the government should develop effective state and federal aid programs which can provide all students with equal opportunities to access the college education and to obtain their higher education to realize their full potential. On the other hand, the main problem is the effective use of public funds. In this respect, the community control can be an effective measure that provides students in need with better opportunities to obtain college education. In fact, local community members know better than state or federal authorities which students need aid and local communities should have an opportunity to use public funds to aid students in need. Therefore, public fu nds should be redistributed at the local level to provide students in need with essential financial aid to continue their education and to enter colleges. Jessica Willbanks Annotated Bibliography Professor Grower English 112 20 March 2011 Breneman, D., Finney, J. (1997). The changing landscape: Higher education finance in the 1990s. In P. M. Callan J. E. Finney (Eds.), Public and private financing of higher education. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press. The authors focus on funding of the higher education. The authors distinguish private and public sources of funding stressing that the public funding is not always effective and deprives many students of the possibility to obtain higher education. Cabrera, A. F. (1994). Logistic regression analysis in higher education: An applied perspective. In J. C. Smart (Ed.), Higher education: Handbook of theory and research, 10, New York: Agathon. The author explores the development of the higher education and its future prospects. The author arrives to the conclusion that education will shift to higher costs and wider use of information technologies. Cabrera, A. F., Norn, A., Castaneda, M. B. (1992). The role of finances in the persistence process: A structural model. Research in Higher Education, 33, 57 1-593. The authors reveal existing models of funding of college education, uncovering persisting gaps between low-income students and students from upper-classes. The existing structure of the college education and its funding is ineffective and widens gaps between students. Cabrera, A. F., Nora, A., Castaneda, M. B. (1993). College persistence: Structural equations modeling test of an integrated model of student retention. Journal of Higher Education, 64, 123-139. The authors attempt to elaborate an efficient model of the assessment of effectiveness of funding college education and costs of college education. Freeman, K. (1997). Increasing African Americans participation in higher education. Journal of Higher Education, 68, 523-550. The author focuses on the problem of the lack of access of African American students to college education. The author defines ways which can increase the share of African American students in college education and open college education for minorities. Grubb, W. N. (1996). Working in the middle. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. The author discusses the development of the modern higher education and education system at large. The author identifies numerous problems, among which high costs of higher education are among the most serious problems that put students in unequal position. Heller, D. E. (1997). Student price response in higher education: An update to Leslie and Brinkman. Journal of Higher Education, 68, 624-659. The author draws the audiences attention to growing costs of higher education and forecasts that costs of college education will grow even more. In addition, the author discusses negative effects of high costs of college education. Hossler, D., Schmitt, J. (1995). The Indiana postsecondary-encouragement experiment. In E. P. St. John (Ed.), Rethinking tuition and student aid strategies. New Directions in Higher Education, 89, 27-39, San Francisco: Jossey Bass, The authors explore efforts of the Indiana authorities to encourage college education. They evaluate critically state aid to needy students and suggest using Indiana experience in other states. Kaltenbaugh, L. S., St. John, E. P., Starkey, J. B. (1999). What difference does tuition make? An analysis of ethnic differences in persistence. Journal of Student Financial Aid, 29 (2), 21-31. The authors of the article raise the problem of high costs of tuition, which becomes an unsurpassable barrier for many students on their way to college education. McDonough, P. M. (1997). Choosing colleges: How social class and schools structure opportunity. Albany: SUNY Press. The author explores the problem of the impact of social class of students on their education opportunities. The author stresses that students from low-income families have little opportunities to obtain higher education. McDonough, P. M. (1998). Structuring college opportunities: A cross-case analysis or organizational cultures, climates, and habiti. In C. A. Torres T. R. Mitchell (Eds.), Sociology of education: Emerging perspectives, 181-210, Albany: SUNY Press. The author studies the impact of the cultural background on students performance in college revealing differences between different cultural groups. Paulsen, M.B. P. J. Edward. (2002). Social Class and College Costs: Examining the Financial Nexus between College Choice and Persistence. Journal of Higher Education, 73(2), 189-197. The authors reveal the wide gap between students belonging to different social classes. The authors argue that social class is an important factor preventing students from or admitting to higher education.

Climate Change and Society Essay

Topic : In considering solutions to the problem of global warming, state whether you agree with the statement by Tickell ((1996), in Houghton, Chapter 8 p.253) â€Å"Mostly we know what to do but we lack the will to do it†. Give reasoned arguments in support of your opinion. Global warming is the topic that increasingly occuipies the attention of world. Is it really happening? If so, how much of it is due to human activities? After realising the situation, has the public aware of it and contribute enough effort in combating the problem? This essay argues that in cosidering solutions to the problem of global warming, whether it contradicts with the statement â€Å" Mostly we know what to do but we lack the will to do it.† I believe that this comment can accurately describe the situation and i would like to give reasons to support my stance in four regarding areas: knowledge , attitude, values and actions. First, public have supreme knowledge in recognizing the threat of climate change since the late 1990s and has finally led to acceptance of the global warming hypothesis, however prompt actions were not taken within the public nor the society with the full awareness of the situation. As Mark Maslin( 2008 ) stated: It was not until the early 1980s, when the global annual mean temperature curve started to increase, that the global cooling scenario was questioned. By the late 1980s, the global annual mean temperature curve rose so steeply that all the dormant evidence from the late 1950s and 1960s was given prominence and the global warming theory was in full swing. However, the upturn in the global annual mean temperature data was not the sole reason for the appearance of the global warming issue. In the late 1970s and 1980s, there were significant advances in global climate modelling and a marked improvement in our understanding of past climates. Development in  general circulation models (GCMs) during this period included taking into account the role of particles and clouds in affecting the global climate. Despite the cooling effect thought to be associated with particle pollution, the new ocean- atmosphere coupled GCM tools emerged with revised and higher estimates of the warming that would be associated with a doubling of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. After that, GCMs continued to improve and the numbers of scientific teams working on such models increased over the 1980s and 1990s. In terms of the study of palaeoclimate, during the 1980s there was also an intense drive to understand how and why past climate changed. All in all, the public and society had already gained enough recognition to the problem long ago. Furthermore, intense media interest throughout the late 1980s and 1990s contribute to the reason why global warming hypothesis was widely accepted and spread in the society. Second, people’s attitudes are also selfsh. Many recognise this lack of will to act as a spiritual problem that we are too obsessed with the material and fail to act according to generally accepted values if it cost to ourselves or if it is concerned with the future rather than the present. We are only too aware of the strong temptations we experience at both the personal and national levels to use world’s resources to satisfy our needs and greediness. The society holds different attitudes towards different issues. One of the main attitudes is equlity. In our world community, human beings are not all equal. Reality is full of inequities of many kinds. In the context of global warming, because it is long term and global, two equity issues are particularly important. In one hand, it is our responsibility to protect the environment for our future generations. However, this attitude is not universally shared. Once the problem would not become so serious in one’s lifetime, the longer we delay in taking actions. In the other hand, international equilty where climate change creates an huge challenge to the international community. The world’s developed countries have grown the wealth over the years from the cheap energer resources such as coal, oil and fossil fuels without realising the harm they did on the environment and the less developed countries. Third, environmental values in considering the solution regarding global  warming. What do we value in the environment and how do we decide what to preserve or not?As John Hougton ( 2009 ) stated: Moving away from science, we have already referred to values related to the environment that come from our basic experiences as human beings. These are also called â€Å"shared values† because they are common to different members of a human community. Forth, the effect of the action taken regarding the problem may not be the most effective. For example, developing alternative sources of energy. Many countries started to use nuclear power. 66% of electricity production in France and Belgium comes from nuclear power. They reduce the output of carbon dioxide effectively. However, there is also the problem for nuclear waste disposal. Other renewable energy eg. Solar, wind and H.E.P. have also been developed but the UK government blocks five wind farms since they will interfere with military rader. Large dams for H.E.P. may also cause environmental problems. For energey efficenciency, countries have try to improve fuel efficiency of cars, for example, sales of Japanese fuel-efficient cars in the U.S. markets have increased. And they have try to develop energy-saving transport, eg. Magnetically levitated trains, hydrogen cars or fuel cell vehicles. However, the construction cost of maglev is huge and the competition among maglev, â€Å"bullet trains† and airplanes is high in Japan. On the other hand, some countries have improved fuel efficiency of buildings through better design. In Canada, though the cost of an energy-efficient â€Å" R-2000† home is very high which is not very applicable for public. And the government has also controlled deforestation.Though countries give advices on forest project management, it is difficult to persuade the Brazilians to control the destruction of Amazon. In conclusion, human mankind has over exploiting the Earth resources over the past centuries since the beginning of industrial revolution. Great benefits are attained which makes people neglecting harm they have done over the environment.

What You Should Do to Find Out About Self Reflection Essay Outline Before Youre Left Behind

What You Should Do to Find Out About Self Reflection Essay Outline Before You're Left Behind Rumors, Lies and Self Reflection Essay Outline To begin with, if you wish to cover an essay, you should understand what you wish to attain. Being aware of what the essay is all about will provide you with a more concise thinking about what to place into your writing. Your essay needs to be written in a professional tone that's still your own voice and ought to be in the very first individual. While it isn't required to construct a reflective essay outline, we can guarantee that it's going to benefit the end consequence of your reflective essay. Among the effective methods to make writing easier is to get an outline. It is one of the things I used to hate the most. My decision to modify career goals inspired the self-reflection essay sample facing you. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. Therefore, many students and employees decide to purchase affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. If you were faced with writing a reflective essay for the very first time, it would be of excellent use to receive familiar with the characteristics of this sort of paper so you would know what things to include in it. The regular reflection essay length will change between 300. Bear in mind a transition sentence at the conclusion of each paragraph produces a paper that flows logically and isn't difficult to read. To explain how to compose an essay outline, here is a good example of the format. 1 such assignment which you might end up facing a couple of times throughout grade school and college is the reflection essay. A lot of academic writing has the exact structural guidelines, reflective essays included. The very first thing every student should comprehend how to compose a reflective essay is a powerful, detailed outline. When writing any form of reflective essay, a student has an opportunity to explore, reveal and go over his personal thoughts on a certain topic. The cost of an essay depends upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. Quality and Guarantees Sometimes it can be slightly hard to equate a low-cost essay writing with higher excellent writing. The same is true for a book. Don't be worried about the introduction to reflective essay pieces in the start. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Self Reflection Essay Outline If you understand, the essential features of self. Your essay should have three or more primary parts with each one of them divided into several components. My cultural heritage is quite intriguing. Describe this as the principal topic of your assessment in the introduction. Reflection is a significant part of learning. It shouldn't be hard because it's a mere description of what took place. The papers are lots more difficult to write. State in a manner that individuals can actually relate and understand where you're coming from and how you came up with the particular reflection that you've written. In a world full of intense competition, ideas are the best tool of a prosperous corporation. In order for public speaking to be a skill, there are a number of areas in which I will need to improve to make it an acceptable strength. All you will need is to request research paper help written by means of a specialist in your academic field.

Essay On Gene Diversity - 1015 Words

CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: ACCESS AND BENEFIT SHARING: The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (the Protocol) was concluded in October 2010 under the auspices of the Convention on Biological Diversity after many years of negotiations. This provides an international framework for establishing national regimes on Access and benefit sharing (ABS). ICC played an active role coordinating business participation in the negotiations and continues to coordinate business input in the process of national implementation of the Protocol. ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS: Both the diversity of traditional knowledge system on use of medicinal plants as†¦show more content†¦Ã¯Æ'Ëœ The ‘Recommendations at the Multilateral Level’ of the Expert Meeting on Systems and National Experiences for Protecting Traditional Knowledge, Innovations and Practices, held in UNCTAD from 30 October to I November, 2000, noted that ‘exclusions from patentability of TK based products in one country, for instance, would not exclude others from granting it a patent’. ïÆ'Ëœ . In order to ensure that national level regimes for preventing bio-piracy and ensuring benefit sharing arrangements are effectively implemented and are not violated when use or commercialization of TK takes place outside the country, suggestions have been made by India in international fora under the aegis of CBD as well as WTO, that applications for patents should disclose the following:†¢ The source of knowledge and biological material; and†¢ an undertaking that the prevalent laws and practices of the country of origin have been fully respected. INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION OF NATIONAL LEVEL SYSTEMS FOR PROTECTION OF TK ïÆ'Ëœ . It is quite clear that the existing forms of intellectual property protection regimes do not adequately recognize the rights of TK holders. National level mechanisms and legal provisions to prevent bio-piracyShow MoreRelatedWhy Are Living Organism so Diverse ?1541 Words   |  7 PagesWhy are Living Organism so Diverse ? Regardless of worlds life diversity, we all, from the ant to the whale and us humans have DNA linkage, which gives us the evidence for one common ancestor. The question that comes up now is how from this very primitive common ancestor did we all end up so diverse. Biologist have dedicated they life to answer this question, Through this essay I shall show how through different aspects life has become so diverse. Timescale Life as not evolve suddenly from itsRead MoreImportance Of Diversity Between Species And Species1110 Words   |  5 Pagestoday.This essay will explore the source and importance of diversity with and between species using examples from the order Squamata, class Reptilia, comprising of over 9000 different species (Uetz, 2014) of lizards and snakes, (HABITATS) Diversity within and between species is created by genetic variation; a process that allows new traits to originate which will then become more or less prominent in a population through Natural Selection.The factors mainly responsible for this diversity can be tracedRead MoreThe Origin And Significance Of Diversity Within A Named Taxonomic Group Of Your Choice1264 Words   |  6 Pagesorigin and significance of diversity within and between species in a named taxonomic group of your choice.† The stability of biodiversity over millions of years of evolution has been one of the most persistent puzzles of ecology and evolution (Hutchinson, 1961). Different species had evolved from their ancestral and were not created in their present forms (Darwin, 1859). This essay will explore how diversity arises within and betweenRead MoreShould Cloning Be Beneficial?784 Words   |  4 Pagesnot created by the Creator is in my opinion, ethical injustice. The goal of cloning is to create identical genes. This method is a process of replication in genetic constitution, which results in lack of differentiation in gene diversity. Reducing the diversity of genes weakens the human population’s ability of adaptation. Cloning is also detrimental to the beauty that comes from diversity, which is truly valuable especially in a Christian perspective. God has created each and every individual onRead MoreThe Controversy Of Cloning And Cloning1156 Words   |  5 Pagesof cloned characters. The answer for this question is yes, clones do exist. The term, cloning is a process of producing genetic identical living organism asexually using genetic material such as DNA. A cloned organism is likely to have the identical gene with the parents. There are several types of cloning such as therapeutic, reproductive and embryonic cloning. These steps are performed by expert scientist with the aid of modern technology. The first experiment on cloning wa s carried out in 1952 onRead MoreThe Causes And Complications Of Devil Facial Tumour Diseases905 Words   |  4 Pagesreclassified to ‘Endangered’ by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2009 as a result of this, and the species is considered to be at risk of potential extinction (C.E Hawkins et al., 2008; McCallum et al., 2009). This essay aims to report the pathology of the disease, the effect it has on Tasmanian Devil populations and whether there is any hope of cure. The first observed case of DFTD was in Mount William National Park, Tasmania in 1996, recorded by Wildlife PhotographerRead MoreIndi Native American Captive Asian Elephants742 Words   |  3 Pages India El Genetic Diversity in North American Captive Asian Elephants R.Lei, Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research R.A.Brenneman, Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research D.L.Schmitt, Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research E.E.Louis Jr., Grewcock Center for Conservation Research http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00851.x/full For about twenty eight years now the Asian elephant has been struggling for existence. They have been classifiedRead MoreAnalysis Of Enzo Colombo s Article Reflections On Race, Diversity, And The Crossroads Of Multiculturalism 865 Words   |  4 Pagesethnic diversity than white Europeans are seen as the minority. This is a fact that is backed by many references across the world and even in articles we read today. In Enzo Colombo’s article â€Å"Multiculturalisms: An overview in western societies† he believes that minorities should be given the same opportunities as everyone else, he starts with the political figures then applies his theory to the society as a whole. However, in Douglas Hartmann’s article â€Å"Reflections on Race, Diversity, And theRead MoreGenetic Modifications For Unborn Children905 Words   |  4 PagesLike the old saying says the rich will become richer and poor will become poorer. The technology to produce a perfect human is not far away â€Å"A new gene editing technology called CRISPR Cas-9 has transformed the field of biomedical research into something that five years ago was a scientist s wet dream† (Yeung). At this point the CRISPR Cas-9 – a gene-editing device, is at this stage a cheap procedure, the poor will be willing to test and experiment for a small reward without knowing the full consequencesRead MoreEugenics: Improving The Human Race? Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pagesthat only certain nationalities of people have defective genes. One influence on eugenics was an English Philosopher, Herbert Spencer. He was best known as the father of social Darwinism. Charles Davenport argued against the laws controlling the â€Å"inferior blood† in the population. The way eugenics will be used is by correcting genetic problems in embryos. Soon enough a parent will be able to find out the accurate view of their childs genes, allowing any defects to be seen. If the child seems perfectly